Context-Specific Dimensions of Trust in Manager, Subordinate and Co-Worker in Organizations

Authors

  • Ferda Erdem Akdeniz University Faculty of Economic and Administrative Sciences
  • Janset Özen-Aytemur Akdeniz University Faculty of Economic and Administrative Sciences

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18533/journal.v3i10.585

Keywords:

Organizational trust, Trust in co-worker, Trust in manager, Trust scale, Trust in subordinate.

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to determine the dimensions of trust relationship among managers, subordinates and the co-workers in organizations. Using an original trust questionnaire data has been collected from 550 middle-level managers from organizations operating in different regions of Turkey. Results from both qualitative and quantitative research methods indicate that the dimensions of trust vary in organizational relationships between managers and subordinates and between co-workers and furthermore, that a culture-specific meaning is attributed to its content. This study contributes to trust literature developing three original sub-scales and also it indicates that the meaning of trust in organizational relationships is influenced by cultural context.

Author Biographies

  • Ferda Erdem, Akdeniz University Faculty of Economic and Administrative Sciences

    Ferda Erdem

    Is Professor of Management and Organizational Behaviour at Akdeniz University, Faculty of Economic and Administrative Sciences, Business Administration Department İn Antalya, Turkey. Her research interests are organizational trust, qualitative research in organizational behaviour, management practices in family-owned businesses, and entrepreneurship.

  • Janset Özen-Aytemur, Akdeniz University Faculty of Economic and Administrative Sciences

    Janset Özen-Aytemur

    Is assistant professor of Management and Organization at the Faculty of Economic and Administrative Sciences, Akdeniz University in Antalya, Turkey. Her research interests are organizational trust, business history, organization theory, and history of management thought.

References

Andersen, J.A. (2005). Trust in managers: a study of why Swedish subordinates trust their managers. Business Ethics: A European Review, 14, 392-404.

Aycan, Z., Kanungo, R.N., Mendonca, M., Yu, K., Deller, J., Stahl, G. & Khursid, A. (2000). Impact of culture on human resource management practices: A ten country comparison. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 49, 192-220.

Ballinger, G. A., Schoorman, F. D., & Lehman, D. W. (2009). Will you trust your new boss? Affective reactions to leadership succession. Leadership Quarterly, 20, 219–232.

Berthon, P., Ewing, M. & Hah, L.L. (2005). Captivating company: Dimensions of attractiveness in employer branding. International Journal of Advertising, 24, 151-172.

Binikos, E. (2008). Sounds of silence: Organisational trust and decisions to blow the whistle. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 34, 48-59.

Brashear, T.G., Boles, J.S. Bellenger, D.N. & Brooks, C.M. (2003). An empirical test of trust-building processes and outcomes in sales manager–salesperson relationships. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 31, 189-200.

Brower, H.H., Lester, S.W., Korsgaard, A.M. & Dineen, B.R. (2009). A closer look at trust between managers and subordinates: Understanding the effects of both trusting and being trusted on subordinate outcomes. Journal of Management, 35, 327-347.

Bryant, S.E. (2005). The Impact of peer mentoring on organizational knowledge creation and sharing: An empirical study in a software firm. Group & Organization Management, 30, 319-338.

Bryant, S.E. & Terborg, J.R. (2008). Impact of peer mentor training on creating and sharing organizational knowledge. Journal of Managerial Issues, 20, 11-29.

Burke, C.S., Sims, D.E., Lazzara, E.H & Salas E. (2007). Trust in leadership: A multi-level review and integration. The Leadership Quarterly, 18, 606–632.

Cardona, P. & Elola, A. (2003). Trust in management: The effect of managerial trustworthy behavior and reciprocity, working paper, n. 496, website: http://blog.iese.edu/cardona/files/2010/07/ research-7.pdf

Clark, C.M. & Payne, R.L. (1997). The nature and structure of workers' trust in management. Journal of Organizational Behaviour, 18, 205-224.

Connell, J. Ferres, N. & Travaglione, T. (2003). Engendering trust in manager-subordinate relationships: Predictors and outcomes. Personnel Review, 32, 569-587.

Costigan, R.D., Ilter, S.S., & Berman, J.J. (1998). A multi-dimensional study of trust in organizations. Journal of Managerial Issues, 10, 303-317.

Costigan, R.D., Insinga, R.C., Krana G., Kureshov, V.A. & Ilter, S.S. (2004). Predictors of employee trust of their CEO: a three-country study. Journal of Managerial Issues, 16, 197-217.

Cummings, L. L. & Bromily, P. (1996). The Organizational Trust Inventory (OTI): Development and validation. In R. Kramer & T. Tyler (Eds.), Trust in organizations (pp. 302-330). Thousand Oaks, Ca:Sage.

Dar, O.L. (2010). Trust in co-workers and employee behaviours at work. International Review of Business Research Papers,. 6, 194-204.

Davis, J., Schoorman, D., Mayer, R. & Tan, H. (2000). The trusted general manager and business unit performance: Empirical evidence of a competitive advantage. Strategic Management Journal, 21, 563-576.

Doney, P.M., Cannon, J.P. & Mullen, M.R. (1998). Understanding the influence of national culture on the development of trust. The Academy of Management Review, 23, 601-620.

Dunn, S.V., Lawson, D., Robertson, S., Underwood, M., Clark, R., Valentine, T., Walker, N., Wilson-Row, C., Crowder, K. & Herewane, D. (2000). The development of competency standards for specialist critical care nurses. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 31, 339-346.

Ebert, T. A. E. (2009). Facets of trust in relationships – A literature synthesis of highly ranked trust articles. Journal of Business Market Management,3, 65-84.

Fagenson-Eland, E.A., Marks, M.A. & Amendola, K.L. (1997). Perceptions of Mentoring Relationships. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 51, 29–42.

Fulmer, C. A., Gelfand, M. J. (2012). At what level (and in whom) we trust: Trust across multiple organizational levels. Journal of Management, 38, 1167-1230.

Hinkin, T.R. (1998). A brief tutorial on the development of measures for use in survey questionnaires. Organizational Research Methods, 1, 104-121.

Hinkin, T.R. & Schriesheim, C.A. (1989). Development and application of new scales to measure the Frenchand Raven (1959) bases of social power. Journal of Applied Psychology, 74, 561-567.

Hofstede, G.(1985). The interaction between national and organizational value systems. Journal of Management Studies, 22(4), 347-357.

Hofstede, G., Fritz, M., Canavari, M., Oosterkamp, E. & Sprundel, G. (2010). Towards a cross-cultural typology of trust in B2B food trade. British Food Journal, 112, 671-687.

Hubbell, A.P. & Chory-Assad, R.M. (2005). Motivating factors: perceptions of justice and their relationship with managerial trust. Communication Studies, 56, 47-70.

Huff, L. & L. Kelley (2003). Levels of organizational trust in individualist versus collectivist societies: A seven nation study. Organization Science, 14, 81-90.

Jarvenpaa, S.L., Leidner, D.E. (1999). Communication and trust in global virtual teams. Organization Science, 10, 791-815.

Kickul, J., Gundry, L. K., Posig, M. (2005). Does trust matter? The relationship between equity sensitivity and perceived organizational justice. Journal of Business Ethics, 56, 205-218.

Kramer, R.M. (1996). Divergent realities and convergent disappointments in the hierarchical relation: trust and the intuitive auditor at work. In Kramer, R.M. and Tyler, T.R. (Eds.), Trust in Organisations: Frontiers of Theory and Research (pp. 216–246). London: Sage.

Kramer, R. M. (1999). Trust and distrust in organizations: Emerging perspectives, enduring questions. American Psychological Review, 50, 569-598.

Krot, K. & Lewicka, D., 2012, The Importance of Trust in Manager-employee Relationships. International Journal of Electronic Business Management, 10, 224-233.

Krzystofiak, F., Cardy, R.L. & Newman, J. (1988). Implicit personality and performance appraisal: The influence of trait inferences on evaluation behavior. Journal of Applied Psychology, 73, 515-521.

Lapierre, L.M. (2007). Supervisor trustworthiness and subordinates' willingness to provide extra-role efforts. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 37, 272–297.

Lester, S. W. (2003). In the eyes of the beholder: The relationship between subordinates' felt trustworthiness and their work attitudes and behaviors. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 10, 17-33.

Mayer, R.C., Davis, J.H., & Schoorman, F.D. (1995). An integrative model of organizational trust. Academy of Management Review, 20, 709-734.

Mayer, R.C. & Davis, J.H. (1999). The effect of the performance appraisal system on trust for management: A field quasi-experiment. Journal of Applied Psychology, 84, 123-136.

McAllister, D.J. (1995). Affect- and cognition-based trust as foundations for interpersonal cooperation in organizations. Academy of Management Journal, 38, 24-59.

McKnight, D. H. & Chervany, N. L. (2000). What is trust? A conceptual analysis and an interdisciplinary model, In Chung, M. H. (Eds.) Proceedings of the Americas Conference on Information Systems, (pp.827-833), Long Beach, California.

Mishra, A.K. (1996). Organizational responses to crisis: The centrality of trust. In Kramer, R. M. ve Tyler, T (Eds.) Trust in Organizations, Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

Modassir, A.&Singh, T. (2008). Relationship of emotional ıntelligence with transformational leadership and organizational citizenship behavior. International Journal of Leadership Studies, 4, 3-21.

Pasa, S., H. Kabasakal & M. Bodur (2001). Society, organisations, and leadership in Turkey. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 50, 559–589.

Pellegrini, E. K. & Scandura, T. A. (2006). Leader-member exchange (LMX), paternalism and delegation in the Turkish business culture: An empirical investigation. Journal of International Business Studies, 37, 264-279.

Perry, R. W. & Lawrence, D. M. (2007). Organizational trust, trust in the chief executive and work satisfaction. Public Personnel Management, 36, 165-178.

Qingquan, P. & Huimin, W. (2010). Effects of trust, risk and managerial self-efficacy on leader empowering behavior, paper presented in Logistics Systems and Intelligent Management, International Conference.

Ristig, K. (2009). The impact of perceived organizational support and trustworthiness on trust. Management Research News, 32, 659–669.

Rousseau, D., Sitkin, S., Burt, R. & Camerer, C. (1998). Not so different after all: A cross discipline view of trust. Academy of Management Review, 23, 393-404.

Sargut, S. (2001). Kültürlerarası Farklılaşma ve Yönetim, Ankara: İmge Yayınevi.

Schoorman, F. D., Mayer, R. C., & Davis, J. H. (2007). An integrative model of organizational trust: past, present and future. Academy of Management Review, 32, 344-354.

Schumann, J.H., Wangenheim, F.V., Stringfellow, A., Yang, Z., Praxmarer, S., Jimenez, F.R., Blazevic, V., Shannon, R.M., Shainesh G. & Komor, M. (2010). Drivers of trust in relational service exchange: understanding the importance of cross-cultural differences. Journal of Service Research, 13, 453-468.

Shin, R., Daly, B. & Vera, E. (2007). The relationships of peer norms, ethnic identity, and peer support to school engagement in urban youth. Professional School Counseling, 10, 379-388.

Shockley-Zalaback, P., Ellis, K. & Winograd, G. (2000). Organizational trust: What it means, why it matters. Organization Development Journal, 18, 35-48.

Strateir, K.L. (2005). The effects of supervisors’ trust of subordinates and their organization on job satisfaction and organizational commitment. International Journal of Leadership Studies, 1 86-101.

Tan, H.H. & Lim, A.K.H. (2009). Trust in coworkers and trust in organizations. The Journal of Psychology, 143, 45–66.

Tan, H.H. & Tan, C.S. (2000). Toward the differentiation of trust in supervisor and trust in organization. Genetic, Social & General Psychology Monographs, 126, 241-261.

Tavanti, M. (2008). Transactional leadership In A. Marturano, J. Gosling (Eds.) Leadership: The Key Concepts, (pp.166-170), London and New York: Routledge.

Tyler, T.R. (2003). Trust within organization. Personnel Review,32, 556–568.

Ugboro, I.O. (2003). Influence of managerial trust on survivors' perceptions of job insecurity and organizational commitment in a post restructuring and downsizing environment. The Journal of Behavioural and Applied Management, 4, 230-253.

Whitener, E.M. Brodt, S. & M.A Korsgaard. (1998). Managers as initiator of trust: An exchange relationship framework for understanding managerial behavior. Academy of Management Journal, 23, 513-530.

Yuki, M., Maddux, W.W., Brewer, M.B. & Takemura, K. (2005). Cross-cultural differences in relationship- and group-based trust, Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 31, 48-62.

Downloads

Published

2014-10-29

Issue

Section

Article

Similar Articles

1-10 of 49

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.