Migration and Exile in the Short Fiction of Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni

Authors

  • Eram Fatima Fatima Integral University, Lucknow
  • Arif Hafiz Mohammad Integral University, Lucknow, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18533/jah.v12i05.2377

Keywords:

Exilic, Predicaments, Acculturation, Displacement, Alienation, Migration

Abstract

Background: The proposed paper focuses on the exploration of the psyche of a female migrant in the short fiction of Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni whose fictional world grapples with exilic predicaments. The paper aims to analyse themes of exile, alienation, isolation and displacement. The paper through closed textual reading reflects on the reconstruction of identities through a conscious change of 'self ' in the protagonists.

Problem Statement: The question on the identity of an exile remains paradoxical such as where a female migrant truly belongs, who they are and struggles over finding a physical space called 'home'. A fusion of cultures being productive for one could mean rejection, anguish, possible suicide and death for the other.

Methods: The paper is an attempt to integrate interpretative, exploratory, critical and thematic analysis. These methodologies are utilized to examine diasporic themes of exile, the fractured psyche of the female in migration and questions on identity reconstruction.

Key Findings: Reconstitution of identities leads to the creation of a 'new hybrid culture'. This broadens their horizons and enables them to seek gender equality and take up larger challenges of life as a catalyst of ' societal evolution'. They hold onto their familial tradition on one hand while grasping liberalism, professional mobility and renewed cultural mores in transnational spaces.

Contributions: Even in exile, the female migrant has made enormous contributions, advancement and progression in their host country with commitment and enthusiasm in areas of education, technology, science, engineering, arts etc. They have patronized and venture capital support to their country of origin.

Author Biography

  • Arif Hafiz Mohammad, Integral University, Lucknow, India

    The contributor is currently a professor and Head of the Department of Laguages ( English) at Integral University, Lucknow, India. He is also an editor in The SPL Journal of Literary Hermeneutics: A Biannual International Journal of Independent Critical Thinking with life - long membership. He has Co- authored many books in the field of English Literature and Communication. He is a dynamic and result oriented educator with fifteen years of experience in Teaching, Administration and Management of the Institution. He is a poweful force as an educationist and uses his positive attitude and tireless energy to encourage others to work hard and succeed. He is a prominent writer who has been the recipient of many literary awards. Endowed with excellent communication and written skills, he utilizes his competence to make significant contribution in the field of education.

References

Bhabha, H. K. (1994). The Location of Culture (1st ed.). Routledge.

Boyd, M. & Grieco, E. (2003). Women and Migration: Incorporating Gender into International Migration Theory. Migration Policy Institute. Retrieved from

https://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/women-and-migration-incorporating-gender-international-migration-theory

Cixous, H. (1976). The Laugh of the Medusa. (K. Cohen & P. Cohen, Trans.). Signs, 1(4), 875.

Divakaruni, C. B. (1996). Arranged Marriage. Random House.

Divakaruni, C.B. (2001). The Unknown Errors of Our Lives. Anchor Books, Random House.

Finkelstein, S. W. (1998). Existentialism and Alienation in American Literature. UMI Books.

Hall, S. (1996). Who Needs Identity? Questions of Cultural Identity. In S. Hall & Paul de Gay, (Eds.), Sage Publications.

Kuortti, J. (2007). Writing Imagined Diasporas: South Asian Women Reshaping North American Identity. Cambridge Scholars Publishing.

Exile. (2017, August 9). New World Encyclopedia, Retrieved 18:48, July 29, 2023 from

https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/p/index.php?title=Exile&oldid=1006233.

Pataki, E. (2015). Space, Movement and Identity in Contemporary British Asian Fiction (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). University of Debrecen, North American Department.

Rastogi, P. (2010). Pedagogical Strategies in Discussing Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni's Arranged Marriage. Asian American Literature: Discourse and Pedagogies, 1, 35.

Sironi, A., et al. (Eds.). (2019). International Migration Law: Glossary on Migration. International Organization for Migration.

Said, W. E. (2012). Reflection on Exile: And Other Literary and Cultural Essays. Granta Books, 176-177.

Said, E. W. (1996). Representations of the intellectual. New Title Edition. Vintage.

Simpson, J. (Ed.). (1995). The Oxford Book of Exile. OUP Oxford.

Steiner, G. (2020, March 31). In Time of Migrants: Art for a World Without Territory. Journal of Art, History, Theory and Criticism. Retrieved June 23, 2023, from https://arthist.net/archive/22917

Taylor, C. (1992). Sources of the Self: The Making of the Modern Identity. (Reprint ed.). Harvard University Press.

Thapan, M. (2001). Adolescent, Embodiment and Gender Identity in Contemporary India: Elite Women in a Changing Society. Women’s Studies International Forum, 24(2), 359-371.

Thomas, R. H., & Bullivant, K. (1994). Literature in Upheaval: West German Writers and the Challenge of the 1960s. Manchester University Press.

Tölölyan, K. (1999). Rethinking Diaspora(s): Stateless Power in the Transnational Moment. Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies, 5(1), 3-36.

Downloads

Published

2023-08-08

Issue

Section

Article

Similar Articles

1-10 of 27

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.