Color-Coded BOPPPS: A culturally Augmented AR Framework for Chinese Ballroom Dance Education

Authors

  • Yuanxin Li Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (UPSI)
  • Dr. Leng Poh Gee

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18533/11bqyv07

Keywords:

Dance pedagogy, BOPPPS model, Chinese color symbolism,, Augmented reality, Cultural education

Abstract

Background: The Chinese ballroom dancing curriculum struggles to integrate Western technical methods with Eastern cultural principles, often overlooking aesthetic harmony and symbolic significance inherent in Chinese traditions.

Intervention: This study introduces Color-Coded BOPPPS, a pedagogical framework that incorporates Chinese color symbolism (rooted in Wuxing theory) into the BOPPPS model, enhanced by augmented reality (AR) for real-time feedback. The Color-Step Mapping Matrix (CSMM) associates dance movements with culturally meaningful colors, dynamically adjusting AR overlays based on dancer performance.

Key Results: A 12-week experiment with 120 college students compared three approaches: traditional, Western color-coded, and culturally augmented. The culturally augmented group exhibited a 32.7% reduction in positional errors and 87.3% accuracy in color-step recall.

Significance: This framework enhances technical proficiency and cultural awareness, promoting culturally sensitive teaching practices with implications for arts education policy in China.

Author Biography

  • Dr. Leng Poh Gee

    Head Of Department, Department of Performing Arts, Faculty of Music and Performing Arts,
    Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (UPSI)

References

Aksan, N., Kısac, B., Aydın, M., & Demirbuken, S. (2009). Symbolic interaction theory. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 1(1), 902–904. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2009.01.160

Chatfield, S. J. (2009). A test for evaluating proficiency in dance. Journal of Dance Medicine & Science, 13(4), 108–114.

Chen, S. (2017). The construct of cognitive load in interpreting and its measurement. Perspectives, 25(4), 640–657. https://doi.org/10.1080/0907676X.2016.1277337

Chen, Y., Mao, Q., Huang, X., & Xu, N. (2024). LanternOperAR: A hybrid cultural gift for quality education and family well-being. In Extended Abstracts of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 1–7). ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/3613905.3651053

Cook, M. P. (2006). Visual representations in science education: The influence of prior knowledge and cognitive load theory on instructional design principles. Science Education, 90(6), 1073–1091. https://doi.org/10.1002/sce.20164

De Valois, R. L., & De Valois, K. K. (1997). Neural coding of color. In Readings on Color (pp. 103–130). MIT Press.

Fei, L. (2024). Application of BOPPPS model in lesson planning of college English for students of art institutes. International Journal of New Developments in Education, 6(1), 12–18.

Ferguson, S., Schubert, E., & Stevens, C. J. (2014). Dynamic dance warping: Using dynamic time warping to compare dance movement performed under different conditions. In Proceedings of the International Symposium on Performance Science (pp. 247–252).

Gao, X. P., Xin, J. H., Sato, T., Hansuebsai, A., Scalzo, M., Kajiwara, K., ... Billger, M. (2007). Analysis of cross-cultural color emotion. Color Research and Application, 32(3), 223–229.

https://doi.org/10.1002/col.20321

Garcia, A. A., Jr., Semken, S., & Brandt, E. (2020). The construction of cultural consensus models to characterize ethnogeological knowledge. Geoheritage, 12(2), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12371-020-00453-6

Gong, X., Tao, W., & Ma, Y. (2025). CalliSense: An interactive educational tool for process-based learning in Chinese calligraphy. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (pp. 1–8). Springer.

Han, S. (2024). Color system based on utilizing traditional Chinese color system context and symbolic significance. Hanyang University Repository.

http://repository.hanyang.ac.kr/handle/20.500.11754/190123

Jendan, J., & Lee, Y. S. (2012). A comparative study on the colors of Chinese traditional costume in Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming, and Qing Dynasty. Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association, 14(3), 45–56.

Liu, X. Y., Lu, C., Zhu, H., Wang, X., Jia, S., Zhang, Y., ... Zhang, W. (2022). Assessment of the effectiveness of BOPPPS-based hybrid teaching model in physiology education. BMC Medical Education, 22(1), 217. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-022-03269-y

MacIntosh, B. J., Mraz, R., McIlroy, W. E., et al. (2007). Brain activity during a motor learning task: An fMRI and skin conductance study. Human Brain Mapping, 28(12), 1209–1226.

https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.20351

Pereira, A. C. (2020). Ethical challenges in collecting and analysing biometric data. Repositorio Iscte Iul. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/20485

Schlagenhauf, F., Sreeram, S., et al. (2018). Comparison of kinect and vicon motion capture of upper-body joint angle tracking. In 2018 IEEE 14th International Conference on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision (pp. 1–6). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICARCV.2018.8581092

Shichinohe, T., Yamabe, T., Iwata, T., et al. (2010). Augmented calligraphy: Experimental feedback design for writing skill development. In Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Tangible, Embedded, and Embodied Interaction (pp. 301–304). ACM.

https://doi.org/10.1145/1935701.1935771

Siyao, L., Yu, W., Gu, T., Lin, C., Wang, Q., ... Hu, Y. (2023). Bailando++: 3D dance GPT with choreographic memory. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 45(12), 14192–14207. https://doi.org/10.1109/TPAMI.2023.3314412

Soltani, P., & Morice, A. H. P. (2020). Augmented reality tools for sports education and training. Computers & Education, 155, 103923. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2020.103923

Vassileva, B. (2024). Code-switching in choreography. Orpheus Noster A Kré Eszme Kultúr És Müvészeti Folyóirat, 16(1), 45–60.

Wang, K. C. (2002). The five elements theory in business research. In Proceedings of the 46th Annual Meeting of the Systemic Administration and Business Institute (pp. 123–130).

Warburton, E. C. (2019). Dance pedagogy. In The Bloomsbury Companion to Dance Studies (pp. 79–104). Bloomsbury Academic. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781350024489.ch-003

Yan, W. J., & Chiou, S. C. (2021). The safeguarding of intangible cultural heritage from the perspective of civic participation: The informal education of Chinese embroidery handicrafts. Sustainability, 13(9), 4958. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13094958

Yang, F., & Lin, J. (2016). A Chinese Tai Chi model: An integrative model beyond the dichotomy of student-centered learning and teacher-centered learning. Asian Education Studies, 1(2), 1–10.

Yue, Y. F., & Chen, Y. Y. (2022). Blended teaching designs based on BOPPPS model in multicultural classroom. In EDULEARN22 Proceedings (pp. 1234–1240). IATED.

https://doi.org/10.21125/edulearn.2022.0321

Downloads

Published

2026-01-03

Similar Articles

1-10 of 502

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.